Red Tide Activity 3: What is Bioluminescence?

Purpose:
To enable students to better understand what bioluminescence is and why it is an advantage for some marine organisms to have the ability to bioluminesce.
Time Required:
Safety issues:
None
Materials:
Procedure:
Assessment:
As a class, discuss the answers to the questions.
  1. Light which is produced as a result of a chemical reaction within specialized structures in the dinoflagellate cell.
  2. It acts as a burglar alarm to attract a secondary predator. The primary predator is more likely to be eaten than the tiny dinoflagellate.
  3. Chemiluminescent reaction - A chemical called luciferin reacts with oxygen to produce "cold" light, which gives off no heat.
  4. No, due to circadian rhythm you get the greatest build up of chemicals approximately 2 hours into darkness.
  5. Nutrients, vitamins, currents, light levels, evaporation rates and salinity all play a role in the health of an area.
  6. Garbage, waste water runoff, fertilizers and boaters all add foreign chemicals to the environment which ultimately affect the health of the dinoflagellates.
Extensions:
Further research topics could include:
  1. Other areas where bioluminescence occurs
  2. How pollution affects dinoflagellate blooms
  3. How tourism impacts these coastal areas.
Internet Links:
Bioluminescent dinoflagellates
Key Words